Answer Sheet  DISCOVERING SPAIN    (BEYOND BORDERS)

                                                                                                                                                                                                           Answer Page

 

Name of student .....................................             I.D. or other identification.........................

 

Phone..................................................       E-Mail.................................................

 

Indicate the correct answer in the spaces below (a, b, c, etc.) as you watch the film.  You may want to print out the answer sheet and questions before you watch the film. Relay answers to your teacher by E-Mail, Fax, or Mail using this form.  A copy of your answer sheet should also be included in your "Journal" (at the back).

                  A. Kelley, 154 Chandler Dr., West Chester, PA. 19380-6805

                  (Tel. 610-918-3793  Fax 610-918-2794)

                  E-mail: kak7@psu.edu

 

Answers:

 

     1.....              2.....              3.....              4.....              5.....              6.....              7.....              8.....              9.....    10.....

 

    11.....             12.....            13.....             14.....            15.....            16.....            17.....            18.....             19.....    20.....

 

    21.....            22.....            23.....            24.....            25.....            26.....            27.....            28.....            29.....    30.....

 

    31.....            32.....            33.....            34.....            35.....            36.....            37.....            38.....            39.....    40.....

 

    41.....            42.....            43.....            44.....            45.....            46.....            47.....            48.....            49.....    50.....

 

  51.....   52.....  53.....   54.....   55..... Discovering Spain    l hour     Beyond Borders Series

 

1. We see three men learning how to clap for Flamenco music, a gate opens, we see shots of different places in Spain... and come to rest on a statue of

a)Julius Caesar    b)Columbus        c)Pelayo            d)El Cid

 

2. This statue is on a column in Barcelona, where you can see also see a replica of his ship (incredibly tiny!). He is pointing towards the New World - in fact he left from Seville not Barcelona! . In Spanish he is known as

a)Colombe     b)Colón      c)Colombo          d)Columbus

 

(Note (c) was  his real name- he was from Genoa, now part of Italy)

 

3. We meet our commentators, they are

a)Xavier Roberto - member of the European Parliament, a university professor

b)José Camilo Cela, Spain's most notable contemporary writer and Nobel prizewinner

c)Carlos Ferrer  a Catalan industrialist, banker, and philanthropist

d) the three of them

 

4. At the time this film was made the population of Spain was

a )20 million   b)30 million    c)40 million    d)50 million

 

5. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the mountains called

a)the Alps     b)the Pyrenees    c)the Dolomites    d)Urals

 

6. The Iberian Peninsula consists of

a)Spain    b)Portugal    c)Mallorca    d) a and b

 

7. The former capital, Toledo, was growing too small and it was unable to expand because of its geographical position, so Madrid, on a flat area with room to grow,  was made the capital in

a)1500    b)1480     c)1561     d)1580

 

Spain is filled with castles -- they were copied by Christians from the Muslims from around 1000 on. Each castle was the ruling center of a political area in the middle ages because Europe was divided into tiny kingdoms that nowadays are merely different local regions of Nation States and correspond, roughly to our Lancaster County, Chester County, etc. Each was an independent fiefdom until what date?  That is what we will now find out! It is an easy date to remember.

 

8. The area around Madrid, containing many famous historical towns is called

  a)Asturias     b)Aragon       c)Castile      d) Galicia

 

9. Nowadays Spain is one of the most  a)open   b)"European"  c)laid back   d)all the above

of all he places in Europe.  This wasn't always the case....it was backward until... this video says that changes start with economic recovery beginning in 1959, but Spain was pretty backward until the death of Franco in 1975. The change since 1975 has been incredible...

 

10. We see Vitorino Redondo Flores who now owns a bar, before that he was a

a)postman   b)bullfighter (torero - not toreador!)  c)military man   d)footballer

 

11. We see the huge fountain in Madrid known as the CIBELES (Ceres, the Greek goddess of crops) it was built during the Enlightenment when Spain put on a spurt of progress during which century  a)the XVIIIth   b)the XVIIthe  c)the XIXth   d)the XVth

 

12. Then we see the Gran Via, a main shopping area, this typifies thoroughfares of big cities that grew up in which century   a)the XIXth   b)the early XXth     c)the XVIth   d) a and b

 

13. The progress under Charles III (one of the first Bourbon kings of Spain, like the present king)  built a triumphal arch called the  a)Arc de Triomphe  b)Marble Arch  c)Puerto Alcalá  d)Arch of Tiberius

 

14. THE FIRST NATION STATE CAME INTO EXISTENCE IN 1492! A narrator points out at this point that Spain was the

a)first European political power (i.e. modern Nation State)

b)first modern great power  c)backward looking, against "progress" even as it became the first modern nation state   d)all the above

 

15. We see several shots of bullfighting and bullfighters in training - including a woman. We hear the narrators' opinions which include it being considered: 

a)mediterranean machismo   b)gladiatorial combat with an animal replacing one of the men

c)less brutal than boxing    d)all the above

Nonetheless bullfighting is banned in some parts of Spain (and Latin America). What they don't say is that soccer is much more popular! Bullfight fans tend to be conservative politically too.

 

16. Spain has a king who is a constitutional monarch (i.e. has no political power). Since Franco died, the country is a  a)dictatorship   b)democracy   c)oligarchy    d)republic

 

17. We see the Royal Palace (which can be toured) and the main museum of Madrid called

a)The Uffizi   b)the Louvre    c)The Prado    d)the National Gallery

 

18. The film shows us some of the famous paintings including

a)Goya's Maja Desnuda  b)Picasso's Guernica  c)Velasquez's Las Meninas d)all the above

 

19. We visit the town of Salamanca-- the first University Town of Spain, like most of the ancient European universities it dates back to which century

a)the Xth    b)the XIIIthe    c)the XVIth    d)the XVIIIthe

 

20. As remarked earlier, Castile has many castles, originally the Arabs held the castles in Spain..  the Christians copied them, not only in Spain.  The Crusaders who went to Jerusalem took the fashion to France, etc. too after about 1000AD. When The Arabs arrived in Spain in 711AD it was ruled by Visigothic Christians who had to flee north. It took the Christians until 1492 to get rid of the Arabs from their last stronghold which was

a) Seville    b)Toledo     c)Granada     d)Valencia 

 

21. We visit Segovia and see the beautiful castle (actually it was largely rebuilt in the 1800s!) where Queen Isabel's family lived. She was born in the 1400s and at 15 she married her cousin

a)Felipe de Anjou   b)Carlos I     c)Ferdinand of Aragón   d)Berenguer de Barcelona

 

22. Segovia also has an acqueduct that dates back even further, to the Romans -- and still works.

It must be at least how old if the Romans built it

a)1000 years old    b)2,000 years old    c)1500 years old   d)3,000 years old

 

23. We see some prehistoric piled up stones of the type you find all over western Europe dating back between 4000-8000 years (say 6,000!) Actually there are cave drawings dating back 50,000 years in the Pyrenees (in the Caves of Altamira), but we don't get to see those things, just a few stones.. Then we move to Avila, a medieval walled city-- one of the very few in Europe whose walls are still totally intact. Most walled cities built their walls between 1000-1300 and Avila's walls date back to

a) 1117    b)1066     c)1088     d)1200

 

24. We see a guitar maker -- the guitar is a typically Spanish instrument copied during the late middle ages from -- yes,  the Arabs. Europeans got the violin, the guitar, all our stringed instruments and several tooting instruments too from the Arabs.

Madrid says the narrator, really comes alive after

 a)5 pm      b)8pm      c)sunset     d)2 a m

 

25. We see a group playing in the street-- actually they are Latin Americans playing Andean music... you find many such groups throughout Europe (and sometimes in New York).  Then we go into a night club and see a show consisting of

  a)flamenco dancers    b)zapateado      c)Andalusian gypsy dancers   d)all the above 

 

25. The Escorial, The King's Palace in the hills outside Madrid was built by Philip II when he was the most powerful man in the world in the 1500s (he's the one who lost his Armada). It is a very impressive building. Gloomy but impressive, it has how many windows

  a)1500   b)2,000     c)2400     d)2600

 

26. Next we visit Toledo, just south of Madrid. One of the narrators mentions the famous XIII th century "translation center" where Arabs, Jews and Christians formed translation teams and that is how the Ancient Classics got into the west, which eventually brought the renaissance and humanism. Toledo has been a Roman, Visigothic, Arab, Christian city...Now it is very touristy (but impressive) with lots of shops selling Toledo ware -- which since the time of the Arabs has meant

  a)swords    b)knives      c)embossed metal ware    d)all the above

 

27. The famous painter, a naturalized Spaniard, who in the early 1600s lived in Toledo was

  a)Velasquez   b)Zurburan    c)El Greco   d)Murillo

 

28. The Cathedral of Toledo is described as "mudejar"  this means that it is

Christian (romanesque or gothic), but that it contains many Arab architectural elements.

 

29. The Arabs were defeated by the united Christian kingdoms of Spain in what year

  a)1066    b)1259     c)1492      d)1505

 

30. The winners, Fernando and Isabel's side, expelled those who were not Christian and who wouldn't convert to Christianity. That meant they expelled

 a)the Jews    b)the Muslims    c)the Protestants    d)a and b --- they didn't allow Protestantism              to get a toehold in Spain.

 

31. Although many non-Christians left, many more converted or acted as if they had converted. The actual figure is that approximately 33% of Spaniards have Jewish blood, but Cela says

 a)20%     b)50%    c)75%    d)100%

 

32. Next we see a chef preparing dishes, he points out Arab and Jewish influence...the most popular Spanish dishes are from the south and are 

   a)paella    b)gazpacho    c)tortilla de patatas   d) a and b 

 

33. The main influence on Spanish desserts as been  a)Basque  b)Catalan c)Arab  d)Jewish

 

34. At the time of the Protestant reformation Spain grew Catholically paranoid and prohibited other religions from 1492 until 1975!!! However the cultural influence between the different groups was considerable and the 700 years of Moors in Spain was not spent fighting...

We visit Córdova in the south. The cathedral was originally a

  a)roman bathhouse   b)Visigothic church   c)Arab Mosque   d)cathedral

 

25. By 1236 Cordova had alrady fallen to the Christians, but the Arabs hung on to Granada until 1492! In the XIVth century they built the magnificent Red Castle called the

  a)Aljofifa    b)Alcázar   c)Alhambra    d)Alfajor

 

36. We see some of the beautiful interior and visit the gardens known as the

  a)Generalfranco gardens   b)Generalife Gardens   c)Moorish Gardens

                    d)Alhambra Gardens

 

37. The view from one side of the Alhambra looks out on the gypsy caves. The narrator does not point out that the land with the caves was given to the gypsies by Fernando and Isabel because they fought on the Christian side against the Moors. The gypsies arrived in Europe from India (they were untouchable nomads), around 1100-1200 and in most countries remained nomads. The Andalusian gypsies are some of the few who actually had land. The reason they are abandoning their traditional caves (which they keep remarkably clean and attractive), is that TV reception is bad inside them!

 

38. At one time Seville, where the ships from Latin America docked, was the richest city in Europe. Its reign was c.1520-1720, and it is still an extremely attractive town. In the 1800s, when industrialization and modern life started coming to Spain too, some people revived the traditional spring celebration around Holy Week, and it has remained a big event ever since and attracts huge numbers of tourists nowadays because the weather is at its best. Sevillanos are super party animals and the local VIPs put up temporary houses to party non-stop. They parade

a)on horseback   b)in carriages    c)in Andalusian dress    d)all the above

The Andalusian horse, descended from Arab horses, is famous and gave rise to the Viennese riding school (Charles V and Felipe II were Hapsburgs)  The week of celebrating in Seville is known as  a)La Fiera    b)La Feria     c)La Fresca     d)La Folia

 

39. We are shown the Canary Islands. These are volcanic islands off the coast of Africa, one volcano is how high

 a)1000 feet   b)12000 feet    c)18000 feet    d)20,000 feet

 

40. Spain conquered the people who were living there in which century (we aren't told what happened to them)  the:

  a)14th   b)15th   c)16th    d)17th

 

41. By the 1500s there was a reasonbly large Hispanic community and the connection with Latin America has been very close since all ships stopped off there coming and going to Latin America. Now it is mainly a beach resort--and thriving as such. There are no canaries now, but there are lots of

  a)eagles    b)hawks     c)parrots    d)cockatoos

 

42. We next visit Galicia and see the famous cathedral at

 a)Vigo     b)Santander    c)Santiago    d)Aranzazu

 

43. Santiago de Compostela during the late Middle Ages, with Rome and Jerusalem was one of the three main pilgrimage sites of Christianity. Supposedly (in a legend) St James, the patron saint of Spain moved there after the crucifixion...It is a university town and in recent years the pilgrimage has been revived (with TV coverage, etc.). The church, with a b aroque façade is mainly

  a)XIIIthe century gothic   b)XIIth century romanesque   c)XVIIth century baroque                d) early XXth century modernist

 

44. The Galicians are Celts, first cousins to the Irish, Welsh, Scots, Cornish and Bretons and used to speak a language of the same family. (The Celts covered Western Europe after about 1000BC and fled west when the Romans built their empire). They have many ancient customs in common with the Irish (their music sounds Irish too!) and the same laws of inheritence that impoverishes the family,

 a)many emigrate  b)many have become rich in the New World  c)Galicians have

   a reputation in Spain somewhat like Americans in Britain  d)all the above

 

45. Then we move on to Basque Country, on the Atlantic side, near the Bay of Biscay (Viscaya) and the western Pyrenees. The port city of San Sebastian is known for its excellent restaurants and attractive beaches. Spanish Basques won fame as terrorists in the 20th century to the annoyance of the 99% of Basques who aren't! Basques have DNA in common with cro-magnon man and speak a language unknown anywhere else in the world!  They are famous for

  a)jai alai  b)the beret (boina vasca)   c)alpargatas (espadrilles -rope soled canvas shoes) d)all                    the above

 

46. The Basques have traditionally produced shepherds and fishermen (many Basque shepherds work in the western U.S.), they are also hard working and developed one of the first industrial areas of Spain, consequently, after about 1850, it was one of the areas with $$$. The other industrial area was at the other end of the Pyrenees, in the east, on the Mediterran and is called

  a)Asturias    b)Aragon    c)Catalonia    d)Extremadura

 

47. This area, where Catalan is spoken, also includes the Balearic Islands (Mallorca, Menorca and Ibiza) and goes right down to Ampurias and Valencia was settled by the

  a)Greeks     b)Carthaginians      c)Romans     d)all the above in that order

 

48. It is the area that has produced world famous 20th century artists

              a)Miró   b)Dalí   c)Gaudi   d)all the above

 

49. The masterpiece of Gaudi is the church of the 

  a)Santa Cruz     b)Sagrada Familia    c)Santa Fe    d)Inmaculada Concepción

 

50. As well as the famous church, Gaudi also designed

a)Parque Guell-- an art nouveau housing development

b)A famous apartment house

c)several private houses in Barcelona

d) all the above

 

51. Probably the most famous artist to have lived in Barcelona (though he wasn't born there he was brought up and studied there since his father was a teacher at the art institute) is

  a)Matisse    b)Renoir    c)Picasso    d)Cezanne

 

52. Barcelona is a big elegant flourishing city, a swinging city, expensive and elegant now, with a population of over

 a)1 million   b)2 million    c)3 million     d)4 million

 

53. The main drag, the place everyone walks about in Barcelona is called

 a)Gran Via    b)Las Ramblas     c)La Avenida Catalunya   d)Los Campos Eliseos

 

54. We see people dancing in front of the cathedral. Franco tried to enforce national costume when dancing..and prohibited the use of Catalan.. The Catalans hated Franco. Since he died Catalan is spoken everywhere (though everyone can speak Spanish) and people make a point of dancing every Sunday wearing

  a)smart clothes  b)sweat suits, jeans, running shoes  b)carpet slippers if they are                     comfortable    d)any of the above -- anything one feels like wearing

 

55. The narrator mentions the beaches of Spain at one point, stressing that

Costa Brava (the coast near Barcelona) means "rocky coast), the best known beach areas of

Spain are

 a)Costa Brava (Catalonia) b)Costa del Sol (south coast, Andalusia)  c)The Balearic Islands (Mallorca, Ibiza)(not shown in this video), c) The Basque country (San Sebastian) and The Canary Islands  d)all the above